![]() The data derived from these animal models and various cell culture studies confirm a crucial role for vitamin C for both the adrenal cortex as well as the adrenal medulla further underlining the interdependence of the two endocrine systems united in one gland. Decreased plasma levels of corticosterone and altered morphology of mitochondrial membranes indicate additional effects of the deficiency on adrenal cortical function. On the ultrastructural level, adrenal chromaffin cells in SVCT2 null mice show depletion of catecholamine storage vesicles, signs of apoptosis, and increased glycogen storage. There is a significant decrease of tissue catecholamine levels in the adrenals. Mutant mice lacking the plasma membrane ascorbic acid transporter (SVCT2) have severely reduced tissue levels of ascorbic acid and die soon after birth. ![]() In addition, recent insights gained from an animal model with a deletion in the gene for the ascorbic acid transporter will be summarized. Here we provide an overview on the role of vitamin C in the adrenal cortex and medulla derived from in vitro and in vivo studies. Ascorbic acid is a cofactor required both in catecholamine biosynthesis and in adrenal steroidogenesis. Interestingly, both the adrenal cortex and the medulla accumulate such high levels of ascorbate. Suprarenal gland (adrenal gland) The suprarenal gland (adrenal gland) is located at the top of each kidney therefore each person has two suprarenal glands. The adrenal gland is among the organs with the highest concentration of vitamin C in the body. ![]()
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